Ferrosilicon yog siv hauv kev lag luam steel ua deoxidizer. Thaum lub sij hawm steelmaking txheej txheem, kom tshem tawm cov teeb meem impurities xws li carbon thiab sulfur los ntawm molten hlau, oxygen yog qhia los ntawm txoj kev xws li oxygen tshuab los yog ntxiv oxidants. Feem ntau hais lus, lub hom phiaj ntawm oxygen tshuab yog oxidize cov ntsiab lus xws li carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, thiab sulfur nyob rau hauv molten hlau, tsim gases los yog siab dua melting point oxides. Qhov no txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm tsib lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab siv cov cua sov tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm oxidation kom nce qhov kub ntawm cov hlau molten. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no maj mam nce cov pa oxygen hauv cov hlau, feem ntau hauv daim ntawv ntawm FeO. Tsis ua kom tshem tawm cov pa oxygen los ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia hlau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, oxygen nws tus kheej ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem hauv kev tsim steel:
- Oxygen yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj porosity hauv cov hlau cam khwb cia. Thaum lub sij hawm solidification ntawm hlau, lub solubility ntawm oxygen txo qis heev nrog txo qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau tso tawm oxygen mus rau cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv cov hlau, ua CO npuas uas yuav tsim pores yog daig nyob rau hauv cov hlau.
- Cov ntsiab lus oxygen ntau dhau hauv cov hlau molten exacerbates qhov nyiam kub tawg hauv cam khwb cia hlau. Qhov no yog vim FeO cov ntaub ntawv eutectic (FeO·FeS) nrog FeS thaum lawv sib ntsib, uas muaj ib tug tsawg melting point (940 degree) thiab nyiam faib raws li ib tug nyias zaj duab xis raws li ib thaj tsam ntawm grain, yog li txhawb kub tawg.
- Oxygen kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov non-metallic inclusions. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus los tsim cov oxide suav nrog uas, yog tias khaws cia hauv cov hlau, txo nws txoj kev ua haujlwm.
Txhawm rau txo cov teeb meem no, deoxidation yog qhov tseem ceeb tom qab tshem cov impurities los ntawm cov hlau molten. Deoxidizers feem ntau suav nrog cov hlau alloys uas muaj cov khoom xws li silicon, manganese, aluminium, thiab calcium, xaiv rau lawv cov kev sib raug zoo nrog oxygen. Thaum lub sij hawm steelmaking txheej txheem, ferrosilicon yog siv nyob rau hauv steel kev lag luam raws li ib tug tseem ceeb deoxidizer vim nws muaj zog affinity nrog oxygen. Thaum silicon hlau ntxiv thaum steelmaking, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv deoxidation hauv qab no tshwm sim:
2FeO + Si=2Fe + SiO₂
Cov silica uas ua tom qab deoxidation yog sib dua li molten hlau thiab ntab rau saum npoo, nkag mus rau hauv slag thiab zoo tshem tawm cov pa tawm ntawm cov hlau. Cov txheej txheem no txhawb nqa lub zog, hardness, thiab elasticity ntawm cov hlau, txhim kho nws cov khoom sib nqus, thiab txo hysteresis poob hauv transformer steel.
Hauv kev xyaum, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm deoxidizing molten steel:
- Diffusion deoxidation siv tus cwj pwm diffusion ntawm oxygen hauv molten steel, qhov twg hmoov deoxidizers zoo li carbon hmoov,ferrosilicon hmoov, calcium silicon hmoov,aluminium hmoov, thiab calcium carbide hmoov yog kis rau ntawm slag nto thaum lub sij hawm refining txo. Txoj kev no txo cov ntsiab lus oxygen hauv slag thiab cuam tshuam qhov sib npaug ntawm oxygen solubility ntawm slag thiab molten steel, ua kom yooj yim oxygen diffusion los ntawm molten hlau mus rau slag.
- Los nag deoxidation cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntxiv chunky deoxidizers xws liferrosilicon blocksrau hauv cov hlau molten, qhov uas lawv hnov mob nrog FeO los nag. Lub sij hawm ntawm deoxidation khoom tsim categorizes lawv mus rau hauv thawj (tsim tam sim ntawd thaum ntxiv deoxidizers nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg los yog ladle), theem nrab (tsim nyob rau hauv twb deoxidized steel ua ntej nws txias mus rau lub liquidus kab), thiab tertiary (tsim thaum lub sij hawm solidification ntawm liquidus thiab solidus. kab).
Cov khoom deoxidation no ua ke txhim kho steel zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm.
